Regex Explainer
Explain a regex in plain English and detect catastrophic backtracking risk.
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Explain a regex in plain English and detect catastrophic backtracking risk.
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| explain_regex | Explain a regular expression in plain English and detect the failure modes that make patterns dangerous rather than merely wrong. Use this whenever a regex needs to be read, reviewed, or verified — and ALWAYS before putting a pattern somewhere it will run against untrusted input. The critical check is catastrophic backtracking: a pattern like (a+)+$ is three characters longer than a safe equivalent, looks harmless, and takes minutes of CPU on a 30-character input that almost matches. That makes it a denial-of-service vector. Whether a pattern is vulnerable depends on whether nested quantifiers can match the same characters in more than one way, which is a structural property that is unreliable to judge by reading. It also flags: missing anchors (an unanchored validator accepts any string that merely CONTAINS a valid value), unescaped dots, character ranges like [A-z] that span punctuation, alternation precedence mistakes where an anchor applies to only one branch, and constructs JavaScript does not support. Input: `pattern` accepts either a bare pattern or a full /pattern/flags literal. JavaScript syntax; PCRE-only constructs are reported as unsupported rather than guessed at. Returns: `summary` (one sentence), `steps` (an ordered walkthrough), `warnings` (each with a code, severity, detail, and fix), `flagNotes`, capture group counts and names, and `hasBlockingIssue` — check that flag first. If the pattern cannot be parsed it returns an error naming the position, rather than a plausible-looking explanation of something else. |